World War II Was A Drastic War - 1503 Words

World War II was a drastic war fought from 1939 to 1945 that affected society in many ways. Adolf Hitler’s attempts to take over the world by starting to attack neighboring countries triggered the start of this massive world war. Adolf Hitler became leader of Germany and this resulted in the country of Germany following the National Socialist Party or more commonly known as the Nazi Party. This party led the entire country to believe in many inhumane things that would go against the standards of humanity set forth by the public currently. The main idea that the Nazi party taught Germans of all ages is to treat Jewish people poorly. The Nazi party not only taught the adults that jews are unequal to all other citizens but they also taught the children living in the country. As a result of these views, the Germans closed and vandalised all businesses owned by jewish men, imprisoned jews, held many jews in concentration camps often being killed in gas chambers and mass murdering these jews. This situation in Germany is the main cause for all the conflicts within the book, â€Å"The Boy in the Striped Pajamas†. John Boyne made this book take place during the World War II era. The protagonist in the story is a nine year old boy named Bruno who is the son of a very important figure in the German Military. Bruno’s father s role in society is also a contributing factor in many of the conflicts that occur in the novel. The three main conflicts John Boyne writes about in â€Å"The Boy in theShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast Women at Home in Ww1 and Ww21249 Words   |  5 Pagesrole of women at home during World War I and World War II. Before World War I and World War II, women at home had the roles of maintaining duties for their family and children, such as cleaning, caring for the house, and cooking for the family. They were more likely judged by their exquisiteness rather than their ability. Just before World War I began, women were beginning to break away from the traditional roles they had played at home. Throughout both World Wars, women in the United StatesRead MoreWorld War II, Usa s Involvement1508 Words   |  7 PagesChandler World History/ period 3 10 April 2015 World War II, USA’s involvement On December 7th 1941, Japan did horrific things to Pearl Harbor, a United States naval base on the island of Oahu, Hawaii. This event on the U.S., forced our country to join World War II and fight against the Japanese and their allies. I’m going to explain how the magnitude of the war required the U.S. to use every resource available and take drastic measures to ensure victory and end World War II. World War IIRead MoreLife At Home During World War I1443 Words   |  6 PagesLife at Home during World War I and World War II Introduction During World War I and World War II life back home changed excessively. Families were experiencing drastic changes as the absence of men affected not only families but the economy as well. When the soldiers went to fight in World War 1 and World War 2, women and children had to replace men in the workforce. There was an increase in those affected by the trauma of the wars, and the birth-rate had dropped during this time. FamilyRead MoreA Comparison of World War I and World War II Essay examples527 Words   |  3 PagesA Comparison of World War I and World War II World War I and World War II, while started by much of the same worldwide tensions, had drastically different results because of the much more destructive nature of World War II. Both world wars were started, ultimately, by nationalismRead MoreAmerica s World War II870 Words   |  4 PagesThere is no doubt that America’s World War II is a rich source of literature and a theme for many writers. As result, they wrote many works about war literature, such as novels, poetry, plays, diaries, and personal narrative. The American Literature was formed by the history of the state that produced it just like in other nationwide literature. America was just a cluster of colonies scattered alongside the eastern seaboard of the North American continent for approximately a centuryRead MoreLaw And The Institutions Of The European Communities1250 Words   |  5 PagesIn this book which was entitled, Law and the Institutions of the European Communities, written by D. Lasok and J. W. Bridge, examined the background and development of law, principles, and inter-relations within the European Communities. World War I and II having caused drastic economic devastation in Europe, these communities concluded that it would be more expedient, efficient, and productive to come up with a system of working with and not against each other. This books primary purpose is to explainRead MoreThe World Wars Impact On Society893 Words   |  4 PagesThe World Wars Impact on Society Thesis: The aftermath of World War II was the start of a new era. It created the decline of the previous ruling forces and the rise of the two superpowers; Soviet Union and the United States of America, creating a clash between the two bipolar opposite countries. Following World War II and the Suez crisis in 1956, The British Empires status as a superpower was greatly diminished. For the remainder of the Cold War the United States and the Soviet Union came to beRead MoreThe Achievements Of Truman s Presidency1560 Words   |  7 Pagesextent of his initial actions in office pertained to decisions made during World War II. Upon his entrance into office after the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt on April 12, 1945, Truman was immediately confronted with one of the biggest challenges that come with presidency – affairs dealing with war efforts. Seven years already deep into the war with the Axis Powers, Truman’s presidential inauguration can now symbolize two drastic occasio ns in the history of our nation. Less than a month after Truman’sRead MoreThe Sociology Of War And Violence Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesTalking about war tends to make people feel emotional, feel a sort of adrenaline rush, mad, and even proud. These emotions can at times, in my opinion, bring groups together and separate others because of disagreements on views and beliefs. While it is not easy to talk to anyone about delicate topics such as this one, it is important to acknowledge how war can influence societal behavior and culture. Many can argue that war unites people, particularly speaking of the United States; a country is knownRead MoreUnited States And Soviet Union1221 Words   |  5 PagesFollowing World War II there was a lot of tension between two of the Allied countries. The United States and the Soviet Union were in a state of political and military tension with each other. Opposing ideologies on how to deal with the world’s affairs post World War II f ueled this rivalry but there was always a tension between the two countries. World War II, with its common goal, brought these two countries together as allies. With Hitler and the Nazis threating their way of living these two countries

Andrew Jacksons Presidency Essay - 524 Words

Andrew Jackson was like no other president before him. The previous presidents had one thing in common, they were all part of the founding fathers or in John Quincy Adam’s case was the son of a founding father. However Jackson was a plantation owner from the west who had no connections with the government. He also had different views from other presidents that made his presidency unique. Two things that separated Andrew Jackson’s presidency from previous presidencies were he reached out to the common people and he was disapproving of the Bank of United States. One of the ways Andrew Jackson was different than the previous presidents was he connected with the common people. During his second election Jackson won by speaking to the middle-†¦show more content†¦Unlike the 1824 election Jackson won his presidency by the people’s voted and not the votes of the government. Even after he won the election he started the spoil system, where he threw out former appointees and replaced them with his friends. He also gave jobs to the Jacksonians, average citizens who were loyal to him. The Jacksonians became his primary advisors and earned their name, the â€Å"kitchen cabinet† because they would come into the White House through the kitchen. Jackson’s election brought a new style to campaigning. Another reason why Andrew Jackson’s presidency was different was because of his attack on the Bank of the United States. In 1832, Andrew Jackson vetoed the bill to recharter the bank. Jackson believed the bank had an unfair advantage over the other banks. The national bank would get all the federal tax revenues instead of the state or private banks. Also the bank’s president, Nicholas Biddle would extend loans to the men in the congress at lower rates of interest than he would do to regular people. Because Jackson thought the bank was unjust he took away its federal charter and the bank became a state bank. Jackson appointed a secretary of treasury after his reelection in 1832. The secretary of treasury placed all government funds in certain state banks, otherwise known as the pet banks. The national bank became the Philadelphia bank for a while until it went out of business. To conclude Andrew Jackson’s presidency wasShow MoreRelatedAnalyzing Andrew Jacksons Pol icies and Presidency659 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Andrew Jacksons Policies and Presidency Andrew Jackson was the seventh president, serving from 1829-1837. Nicknamed Old Hickory, he left an indelible imprint on the nation that extends beyond his face adorning the twenty dollar bill. Jackson split the preexisting Republican Party into the Whig and Democratic Parties, establishing the dual-party structure that exists today. He was the first president who came from a rural, deep Southern background (he was born in the rustic woods of South Carolina)Read MoreAndrew Jacksons Presidency: Inefficient or Efficient?651 Words   |  3 PagesThe President of the United States is one of the most powerful officials. The seventh president of the United States, Andrew Jackson, made the presidency more powerful because he represented the â€Å"common man.† Jackson grew up in the rural parts of South Carolina and when he was thirteen years old, he joined the army at during the American Revolution War. Jackson was involved in many wars and became a war hero. He fought in the Americ an Revolution and the War of 1812. After serving at war, he wouldRead More Andrew Jacksons Unruly Rise to the Presidency Essay2467 Words   |  10 Pages Andrew Jacksons Unruly Rise to the Presidency In what many have called the dirtiest presidential election ever, Andrew Jackson reigned supreme over John Quincy Adams in the election of 1828. For the first time in a political campaign, the main focus was to slander the reputation of the opponent. Issues seemed to be disregarded in favor of personal attacks upon the individual. The days of standing for office and remaining silent towards the American public before elections took place wereRead MoreAssess the successes and failures of Andrew Jacksons presidency2230 Words   |  9 Pagestrue representation. However Jacksons success or failure as a president is shown by what he actually did. The thesis of this essay is that despite the variety of issues faced by Jackson he didnt actually bring about much change. This could be interpreted as failure but his legacy as a strong president, as a symbol of US democracy, and also the devotion of the people to him, does perhaps counter the failings. Failure might constitute not meeting ones promises but Jacksons ambiguity and inconsistencyRead MoreNative Americans During Andrew Jackson’s Presidency717 Words   |  3 PagesImagine being taken out of your home and told that you must leave to a new, foreign land and leave the only thing that you know. This is what Native Americans during Andrew Jackson’s presidency had to live through. America was growing rapidly, expanding into the lower south of the U.S. During the 19th century white settlers moving into the area, were faced with Native Americans living on the land. These settlers were looked upon as a major obstacle for expansion of the United States. Driven by goldRead More Andrew Jacksons Presidency And Policies Essay1868 Words   |  8 Pages Andrew Jacksonamp;#8217;s Presidency and Policies nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In American history many acts of cruelty and or unjustified beliefs were acted upon. Some of these events were led by citizens and in some cases, such as the case of Andrew Jackson, led by presidents. Andrew Jackson was the seventh president of the United States of America from 1829-1837.1 His presidency and policies, such as the Indian Removal Act, and his part in The Second Bank of the U.S and South Carolinaamp;#8217;sRead MoreDevelopment of American Society During Andrew Jacksons Presidency957 Words   |  4 PagesFollowing the transformation of the American society after the War of 1812 and preceding the Civil War, the two terms of President Andrew Jackson proved to be a crucial time in the development of American society. Jackson and his supporters convinced themselves, and many Americans, that they were, in fact, protectors of American ideals. In their eyes, they remained true to the roots and foundations of the United States. But, in reality, the D emocratic party of the 1820s and 1830s did quite theRead MoreThe Era Of Andrew Jackson1663 Words   |  7 Pages1301 Mr. Spence November 10, 2015 The Era of Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson was the seventh president of the United States, elected in eighteen twenty-eight. Prior to his presidency Andrew Jackson was well known and favored for his success against the British in the war of eighteen-twelve. Upon election, Andrew Jackson became known as the people’s president gaining the majority of electoral votes over his opponent John quincy Adams.Throughout his presidency many events occurred that would shape AmericaRead More Andrew Jackson Essay1491 Words   |  6 Pages There are many things that set Andrew Jackson apart from other presidents. His policies and personality set him apart from most. Although he was the seventh president, he was the first in many ways. Jackson was the first president to be born in a log cabin, and he was the first president to ride on a railroad train. Along with that, he was the only president to serve in both the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Andrew Jackson was also the first to have a vice-presidentRead MoreAndrew Jackson : Good President845 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson helped to provide for a strong protection of popular democracy and individual liberty to the United States. Andrew Jackson known as the people’s president held a strong emotion in the states right’s which advocated to the increase of executive power. President Andrew Jackson was good for his country, because he provided certain decisions that helped form America into a better place than where it was before. President Andrew Jackson showed significant positives

Cafe Latte free essay sample

The business was formed as a limited partnership between three siblings and a friend, Cynthia, Stuart, and Rob Chan, along with Jeff Burns, respectively. The Chans are somewhat knowledgeable about running a business since their parents have operated a restaurant for years, and Stuart Chan continues to manage the restaurant. The three siblings are the principals in the business, while Jeff Burns is primarily a partner for financial purposes only. Cynthia, having the most free time, has spent the most time working on the business opening. Stuart has procured the equipment for the bar, with Rob’s help. Stuart has become angry at Cynthia for not spending enough time in preparations, and feels that she and Rob are not doing their fair share of work. Stuart wants to buy out Cynthia’s share, but later just apologizes for his outburst. In order to avoid further conflicts, a work schedule was devised that permits Cynthia and Stuart to work schedules that do not overlap, and Rob will manage the operation. We will write a custom essay sample on Cafe Latte or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Introduction This case study is following the decision case model. Case studies are and important part of the study of organizational behavior. We can dissect the various components of attitudes, behaviors, consequences, etc. , using a fictional setting and cast of characters. We can subsequently collaborate to develop objective assessments of the situation presented, and model possible decisions that we might make as managers. In the case of the Cafe Latte case study, we are provided with one decision possibility but we are also free to propose alternative decisions, along with the rationale. Stuart has some qualities of a team leader (commitment, hardworking etc), but lacks some important ones. He failed to appreciate others contributions and failed to do psychological empowerment. Also as a leader he was not distributing the roles and responsibilities evenly. Unfortunately, he was getting more work from two jobs he was handling. Instead of motivating others he was making negative remarks frequently. There could be some ego problems and sibling rivalry too. Cynthia was unhappy at the end, but she was not ready or courageous to talk to Stuart about the problems. Instead she wrote a list and handed-over that to Stuart. Stuart was intelligent enough to understand the situation and the consequences. But he has some false pride and he was not even ready give a direct apology to Cynthia. It took him two days to write an apology. Also he has to leave the apology in Cynthias car, which made its less personal and sincere. The problems are listed in detail below: 1. There is an overall lack of communication in this business and family. 2. Lack of transparency within the organization and lack of goals for metrics when the business opens. 3. No delineation of responsibilities between the siblings. 4. Basic problem is the inter-personal relationships, lack of proper communication, and improper distribution of work. We see that Stuart and Cynthia are making assumptions about others’ actions and contribution. They are not analyzing or evaluating the situation properly. There was no proper channel for unbiased flow of information. With each partner holding an equal share in the business, no one has emerged as a manager to lead the others. 5. We see that Stuart is over-worked with two jobs and he is not getting any appreciation for his hard work. At the same time, Stuart thinks that Cynthia and Rob are not working hard. This makes Stuart unhappy. 6. Stuart has some qualities of a team leader, but lacks some important qualities as well. He fails to appreciate others contributions and fails to do psychological empowerment. Also as a leader he is not distributing the roles and responsibilities evenly. Unfortunately, he is getting more work. Instead of motivating others or suggesting solutions to problems, he instead chose to make frequent negative remarks that served only to inflame the other partners. 7. Stuart does not incur any consequences for his immature behavior. . Stuart’s ego may be getting in the way of an amicable resolution. 9. Sibling rivalry between the Chans. Decision –Additional Options The conflict in the workplace is quite normal with different kind of personalities, cultures and life experiences. However, conflict is not necessarily a bad thing. It will become a major problem if the conflicts are not resolved effectively. According to OB, conflicts can be resolved by increased understanding, group cohesion and improved self-knowledge. Open discussion is needed to resolve conflict and increase the awareness of the situation. This will bring some insight into how they can achieve the common goals. Team members will have strong mutual respect and faith in their ability to work together once the conflict is resolved amicably. One important thing to resolve the conflicts is to do self evaluation. Everyone should examine their goals, strength and weakness, tasks, actions in close and enhance the positive aspects or behavior. †¢ Someone should initiate a mediation talk to resolve the conflicts between Cynthia and Stuart. Since Cynthia and Stuart are upset and emotionally distressed, a third party should initiate the talk. The best people in the picture to initiate this are Rob and Jeff. Rob and Jeff should initiate a serious of talks to understand the problems of Stuart and Cynthia and look for an amicable solution. While Jeff is a financial partner only, the trouble brewing among the Chan siblings could place his financial stake in the company at risk. †¢ But when Cynthia received the apology, she should have contacted Stuart directly and initiated the conflict resolution and mediation process. Behavior Assessment In both cases, they should list out the problems and possible solutions to achieve their common goal. A good understanding and working relationship among the team members should be the most important goal for the success of their new venture. John Holland’s Typology of Personality and Congruent Occupations provides a model that attempts to match job requirements with personality. In his hexagon diagram, the theory is that the closer two personality types are to each other, the more compatible they are. In addition, the model categorizes personality types into six categories, lists the personality characteristics, and then suggests the most congruent occupations for the various personality types. Holland classifies enterprising personality types as having self-confidence and ambition, and suggests congruency with small business manager occupations. Cynthia demonstrated her high energy and entrepreneurial tendencies when she devoted all of her free time to the tasks leading up to the opening of Cafe Latte. According to Holland, she then might be the right personality type to manage the business. Stuart Chan, however, already manages the family restaurant, but if we assess his personality using Holland’s model, he perhaps would be a conventional personality type, which prefers rules, and orderly, unambiguous activities.

Lyndon Baines Johnson free essay sample

A paper on the life history of Lyndon Baines Johnson. In this research paper on LBJ, the author tries to show how LBJs early life in public office would eventually affect his decisions as Senate Majority leader, Vice President, and President. The author shows that many of the policies set in place by Johnson proved to be groundbreaking legislation, but that his involvement in Vietnam would, in the end, be his downfall. Lyndon Baines Johnson was the embodiment of American ideals. He served his country as a representative, a senator, a vice-president, and then, finally, as President of the United States. President Johnson was able to accomplish great things during his years in Washington, and as one expert stated, the American political system, under the leadership of a man who knew what made it tick, was able to work efficiently and productively to an extent not seen since and not often before. We will write a custom essay sample on Lyndon Baines Johnson or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1 Through all of his years as a public servant, LBJ never lost sight of the American people and their problems. He sought to make life better for the working class citizen through each bill he signed and each program that he founded.

Free Essays on EFSJ Pesonality

The colorful depiction of the EFSJ personality How many colors make up the perfect picture? How many hues and tints blend together? How much makes up the background and what tints are the more decorative that seem to draw us to the entire picture? These are questions I have asked myself in regards to the temperament type I have been labeled with. According to the Keirsey temperament sorter my type is the provider guardian. There are indeed many aspects of the provider guardian I exhibit as I look inwardly to my self. Extreme sensitivity and empathy, wearing my heart on my sleeve, and the battle of self versus self are all traits I find abundantly in myself. As an ESFJ, Keirsey states, â€Å"[my type is] extremely sensitive to the feelings to others† (par. 3). I possess a strongly empathetic personality. I am able to put myself in place of others as situations see fit. Not only do I imagine what others may be going through, I also tend to have the ability to share their emotions at that particular time. For example, when caring for a dying patient I often step inside the box and feel the loss of their family and friends. This often leads to an emotional support I can offer to others through knowing how they are feeling. Unfortunately, there is a down side to being a more emotional type. As Butt states ESFJs â€Å"wear their heart on their sleeves† (par 5). This often leads to deep emotional bonds with others as well as deeper hurt when there is an end to that connection. It is very easy to be drawn to another person, and once the walls of the guardian provider have been lowered it is all or nothing. I am someone who at first is distrustful and wary of love, but when I have been won over I am completely committed. This trait often leaves me open for being self-sacrificial, which Butt also states is a common trait for my type, and can inhibit me from being happy at times. For instance, in my last relationship I was constantly sacrif... Free Essays on EFSJ Pesonality Free Essays on EFSJ Pesonality The colorful depiction of the EFSJ personality How many colors make up the perfect picture? How many hues and tints blend together? How much makes up the background and what tints are the more decorative that seem to draw us to the entire picture? These are questions I have asked myself in regards to the temperament type I have been labeled with. According to the Keirsey temperament sorter my type is the provider guardian. There are indeed many aspects of the provider guardian I exhibit as I look inwardly to my self. Extreme sensitivity and empathy, wearing my heart on my sleeve, and the battle of self versus self are all traits I find abundantly in myself. As an ESFJ, Keirsey states, â€Å"[my type is] extremely sensitive to the feelings to others† (par. 3). I possess a strongly empathetic personality. I am able to put myself in place of others as situations see fit. Not only do I imagine what others may be going through, I also tend to have the ability to share their emotions at that particular time. For example, when caring for a dying patient I often step inside the box and feel the loss of their family and friends. This often leads to an emotional support I can offer to others through knowing how they are feeling. Unfortunately, there is a down side to being a more emotional type. As Butt states ESFJs â€Å"wear their heart on their sleeves† (par 5). This often leads to deep emotional bonds with others as well as deeper hurt when there is an end to that connection. It is very easy to be drawn to another person, and once the walls of the guardian provider have been lowered it is all or nothing. I am someone who at first is distrustful and wary of love, but when I have been won over I am completely committed. This trait often leaves me open for being self-sacrificial, which Butt also states is a common trait for my type, and can inhibit me from being happy at times. For instance, in my last relationship I was constantly sacrif...

buy custom Revenge in Gimpel the Fool and Hamlet essay

buy custom Revenge in Gimpel the Fool and Hamlet essay Introduction The two stories, Hamlet and Gimpel the fool portrays the code of revenge as the major theme. However, the play portrays revenge in some diverse ways with minimal similarities. For instance, Hamlet vows to avenge his fathers death while Gimpel endeavors to revenge to his dead wife and the town dwellers. The circumstances that lead to harboring of the revenge are also different. For instance, Gimpel the fool feels that the town dwellers and his wife, Elke, had tricked and deceived him. His wife was being unfaithful to him, something that she confessed to him before her death. On the other hand, Hamlet attempts to revenge on Claudius who allegedly killed his father to attain power. One similarity that accrues from the two is in the conviction for revenge. The devil appears to Gimpel in a dream and deceives him to avenge on all those who deceived and tricked him. Similarly, a ghost of Hamlets father appears to him and tells him what happened for his death while persuading for revenge aga inst the murderer. The two plays portray revenge in other diverse ways as discussed in this paper. The Status of Revenge in Gimpel the fool and Hamlet In "Gimpel the Fool," the circumstances that surround the central character, Gimpel, changes him from an immature man affixed to his society to one who respects a profound truth by outdoing the dominion of society. The circumstances that trigger this change are two dreams, one that informs him and one that misleads him. Moreover, the characters that surround him dictate his growth as an individual and his change (Brown, 1). For the issue of revenge, one of the dreams deceives him to revenge against his town dwellers for labeling him as a fool. On the other hand, the push for revenge by Hamlet is very critical and serious. The circumstances that surround him are visions of a ghost who triggers him to revenge by showing him the actual occurrences that took place. In this play, Hamlet starts with memories of the deaths of two father-kings. The death of his father pushes him to revenge but it is not out of his own will. The ghost of his assassinated father stirs up the contemplations of revenge in Hamlet by the end of the act. Just before Hamlet renders himself to the deceit of Claudis and Laertes, his extended struggle with the same idea of revenge appears to end. In this regard, there is continued abortion, deflection, or neutralization of revenge as a way of mourning (Cole, 42). On the other hand, Glimpel starts by rejecting a dream of revenge. Gimpel harbors the thoughts of revenge after the death of his wife. His wife, Elka, confessed her sins before her death. After this incidence, an evil spirit appears to him in a dream to tempt him. The evil spirit makes him this proposal: The whole world deceives you and you ought to deceive the world in your turn, you might accumulate a bucket of urine every day and at night pour it in to the dough. Let the sages of Frampol eat filth. Consequently, thoughts of revenge fill his mind and he decides to act according to the proposal by the evil spirit. However, prior to selling a smutty batch of bread he had made, a contrasting dream of Elka appears to him and tells him, you fool! Because I was false, is everything false too. These two incidences reveal disparities and similarities in the development of revenge. The two, protagonists do not harbor the thought or revenge out of their own will. Rather, it is evident that some kinds of ghosts appeared to them and convinced them of the importance of revenge. The difference in the two characters is that Gimpel wanted to avenge against deception and tricking by the town folks while Hamlet wanted to avenge for the death of his father. Interpretation of Revenge in Gimpel the fool and Hamlet In Hamlet, the play portrays private revenge as a way of justifying rights and upholding public order as having negative implications. However, the play further presents core justification of the deeds of Hamlet and asserts that he had no alternative but to attempt to avenge his father (108). In the play, there is the likelihood of connecting private revenge to Gods revenge equally as public revenge links to it, when Hamlet refers to himself as heavens scourge and minister. Hamlet feels that Claudius, who allegedly killed his father to rise in power deserves. This is because Claudius is not only a murderer, but also an adulterate beast and thus a dishonest leader (Posner, 109). Bloom indicates that Hamlet mentions heaven and hell as the major trigger towards his revenge. Moreover, his constant procrastination raises several questions to critics, who feel that Hamlet condemned the revenge by delaying it in many times. The play demonstrates that the reason for the delay by Hamlet is that he linkd the ghost with hell. There if further contradiction on his intended revenge. This is because he doubts that it is really an evil spirit intention on deceiving him into an unfair regicide of Claudius, an act by which Hamlet would damn himself (26). On the other hand, in the case of Gimpel the fool, the feeling of love changed his disbelief. The play clearly demonstrates that Gimpel does not harbor revenge when his wife treats him in a weird way. It is also very evident that Elke beats him so much, yet he is able to tolerate her simply because he loves her. Conversely, his belief and love for her wife comes to a halt after he finds his wife in bed with another man. At this time, Glimpel decides not to believe any longer due to the incidence. Consequently, the rabbi commands Gimpel to separate with Elke for her infidelity. Nevertheless, Gimpel desires to get back to his family even after this self-consciousne ss and the command. This clearly indicates that because of loving her wife so much, he downsizes his wifes disloyalty (Janik, 216). Skulsky asserts that there is constantly the likelihood of harboring revenge, not due to lawless hatred, but because of trustworthiness to a code of respect coolly apathetic to the expressive excesses of the afflicted party. If such unconcern did not broaden to the nature of the accusation itself, it would be particularly more coherent. For instance in the play, Laertes, finds no humiliation at all in asserting to be uncertain whether Hamlet's claim (79) of incorruptibility may still be undesirable to credit, although applicable in nature (80). In the case of Glimpel, the revenge takes a different direction from that of Hamlet. For instance, Gimpel finally encounters the deception that has occurred on him after the death of his wife. Consequently, this leads him to the two consecutive dreams that change him into a man bounded only by genuineness. The first dream is of deception where the deceiver is the devil and leads to his transformation. Initially, Gimpel tolerated his wife since he loved her and did not harbor revenge. After this dream however, he starts contemplating revenge mostly to his fellow city dwellers after the conviction from the Devil. In the dream, the devil convinces him that there is no afterlife and there is no God. He triggers him to have vengeance on all those that wronged and deceived him. Consequently, this dream surprises Gimpel very much since he is a person who is very sincere and ethical even though the Dream revealed the level of deception by Elke and the town folks. At this point, Gimpel still felt that the society had deceived him. This prompted him to internalize the revenge and act upon it after his own thoughts and rationalization yet deceives him. The play demonstrates Gimpel subconsciously doubting the eternal life that he so devotedly believed in after the devil tells him that there is no God. Since Gimpel followed the orders of the devil, it is evident that he no longer cared about the society due to harboring revenge (Brown, 4). According to Hamlet, revenge is an indulgence of the fallen will and the honor that professes to control it while on the other hand it gets its will once more through legalism. It is evident that Hamlet was not entirely satisfied despite accepting revenge in its extreme but with honor: it is "a fantasy and trick of fame." There is a sense of ambiguity about ghost's origin, which compounds the difficulty. The irregularity of Hamlet's position is due to different factors, which includes the thought that revenge is a counsel of the devil in the form of faith and that the ghost is a spirit of health, as the concluded by Prince (Skulsky, 84). Hamlet presents his toughest case against personal revenge on the practical instead of the ethical level. In addition, the typical revenge mistake Hamlet made was allowing the control of emotions before they cooled down. It is evident that emotion had taken control of him when he sacrifices the chance to kill Claudius at prayer to ascertain that his punishment is everlasting. There lacks textual foundation for the opinion that Hamlet might not be so cruel as to wish to damn Claudius for perpetuity and that consequently the reason he provides for sparing him ought to be an excuse (109). Hamlet feared that the ghost could be a devil making him holdup his revenge until he ascertained that Claudius was guilty. However, his reservation about the ghosts validity could also be an excuse for delay (Posner, 110). On the other hand, after twenty years of marriage Elke and Gimpel had six children. However, Elke admits that Gimpel had not fathered any of her children before she died. Gimpel avoids losing eternal life when he accepts Elkes warning in a dream that he should not be as false as she was and he consequently buries the dirty dough. It was after this that he decided to believe in God rather than the devil (Janik, 217). According to Claudius, it was unmanly and abnormal for Hamlet to continue grieving. It was a rather threatening occurrence when Claudius made it clear that he did not hope that Hamlet would go back to school in Wittenberg. Instead, he wanted Hamlet to stay at Elsinore. In addition, it was a deep displeasure for Hamlet about his mothers hasty marriage to Claudius (7). It was in Scene 5 that the ghost directs him to seek revenge against the king after disclosing to him the details of the death of his father. The ghost claims that his brother Claudius poured poison in his ear as he slept in his garden. However, the ghost forbids Hamlet from taking revenge on his mother, who was to remain to heaven and her own guilt. Although there are clues that he may not be the most suitable avenger, Hamlet takes the ghosts charge seriously. For example, he agrees to seek revenge with wings and swift as meditation or the thoughts of love, a weird comparison (Bloom, 8). It was through Gimpel's second dream that there was initiation of another change, which notably transforms his character. After this second dream, Gimpel was no longer nave but was free from the resentment and revenge he had after the first dream. He found a balance that he was neither tricked by falsehoods, nor clutched too tight to society and all its lies but he adopted truth and believed truly in life. Gimpel decided after this dream to leave his town lastly ready to travel around the world (Brown, 5). Glimpel regarded his former tormentor, Elka, with gentleness and respect to the end, following this encounter. In his dreams, he saw her as beautiful and full of consolation. However, Gimpels fictions could not give him the sweetness of an enemy re- appearing as a friend, and hence a life without foes (105). Glimpel has come to the realization that life on earth is a life of entire literature, and the mere promise of conviction is in the afterlife. Consequently, he affirms that whe n death comes, he will go joyfully because he is not afraid of death. He also deemed that whatever will be there would be genuine, without ridicule, without deception and without complication (George, 103). This assertion means that the contemplation of revenge by Gimpel was not very strong and did not last for a long time. It also means that Gimpel clearly and wholly transformed after the incidence. Hamlet ratifies his ambivalence toward the beloved dead through his inclusion of his fathers spirit. Tabooed hostility was apparent through Hamlets impersonation of his deceased father. It is in the last act that he reclaimed the name, which he first spoke to the ghost. The conditions denied Hamlet the performance of ambivalence openly as a mourning heir (43). In his mind, Hamlet made a luminal journey. However, he became haunted whenever he tried to remember what he wished to remember. Hamlet allowed his former self to die when he took up the character of the deceased with revenge (47). Since Hamlet is dramatizing and observing, two killers rather than one, Revenge becomes his signal for action. Concurrently, Hamlet is killing his father and avenging his fathers death (Cole, 50). Hamlet is indignant, and obviously so. On the other hand, the play portrays Claudius as a hypocrite tippler, a weakling a creep, and a commoner that disinherited a very greater man of his wife, position and life. Moreover, the play portrays him as one who has disposed another greater man of his expectation of the kingship, in inheriting his father (116). Due to the occurrences that happened, Hamlet hates himself, women and certainly the whole of humanity (Posner, 116). It is vital to make out that Hamlet, in spite of the fresh backing of his ethics, his new tranquility and his generous and irregular concern for blameless onlookers, has not disavowed his objective to exterminate the soul of his adversary. Certainly, the wellbeing of his sufferers' souls has come to concern him so little that he even sends Guildenstern and Rosencrantz "to abrupt death (Skulsky, 86). Conclusion The theme of revenge emanates very strongly in Hamlets case and somehow narrows in the case of Gimpel. In the case of Hamlet, revenge demonstrates the act of mourning. In this case, Hamlet is mourning his dead father hence contemplates to revenge against the killer by murdering him. The murderer, Claudius on the other hand believes that the action that Hamlet is about to make does not have any justification. The issue of revenge for Hamlet also raises critical questions due to his procrastination. On the other hand, Gimpel contemplates revenge because the people around him deem him as a fool. First, his own wife fools him by making him believe that the children they had were his. She then discloses her betrayal to him, before she dies. Due to this, Gimpel feels very much betrayed and hence attempts to revenge. The only difference from that of Hamlet in this case is that he does not revenge on his wife, but rather on the town dwellers, who deems him a fool. Buy custom Revenge in Gimpel the Fool and Hamlet essay

Summarize Research Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summarize Research Article - Essay Example laims that most hospitals within the United States do to employ effective decontamination measures thereby resulting the infection of myriad practitioners annually. The researcher therefore seeks to investigate the measures employed in health facilities within the country. The researcher identifies several health facilities within the state. Sampling is the process of identifying the hospitals to investigate. The researchers employ random sampling technique in the selection of both the hospitals and the specific health practitioners to investigate in the study. With the selection of a particular number of subjects, they begin the investigation. The process involves extensive data collection through interviews and observations of the practices in the health facilities. They record the subsequent contaminations and the actions the facilities employ after the contaminations. In the end, the researchers document their findings thereby drawing a conclusion, which qualifies their earlier hypothesis. In the end, the researchers prove that several health facilities across the country employ various safety precautions. However, some lack such fundamental security features thereby presenting substantial health risk to their employees. The researchers compare th e number of the contaminated health practitioners against the number of the uncontaminated in order to draw such damning conclusions. The validity of the conclusion relies on the number of the variables they use and the frequency of either contamination or effective decontamination in order to prove the hypothesis. Just as with quantitative research, qualitative researches also operate with effectively constructed hypothesis, which they either approve or disapprove in the end. However, qualitative researches investigate values hat result in particular behaviors. Such researches investigate the why, when, how and why intricate of a phenomenon. The researches therefore do not rely on numerical findings but on the

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Personal Statement Example This career had an impact on me, both in terms of being a hand-on profession as well as being mentally challenging. Reading articles and spending a lot of time in my research over the school years, I got to realise that dentistry is one of those professions that integrate technical professionalism with human interaction. This made my interest become my dream. After realizing what my dream is, I got to know how adequate dental care and heal can leave an impact on a person’s life. This realization fuelled my desire and pushed me forward to step ahead and give an attempt to enhance my dental knowledge by applying for further studies in dental schools. Every time it’s about Dentistry, my mind electrifies on the thought of studying from a top Dentistry university as soon as my college ends. That led me to speak so much about Dentistry that I was often asked that what made Dentistry my ideal career. I couldn’t think of giving them a better answer than â€Å"my intelle ctual rigor, interest in sciences and desire to increase a person’s quality of life makes this career ideal for me†. The three year remarkable experience I received in this field gave me a golden chance to furnish myself with a comprehensive and better insight into being a dentist. My fortunate chance to spend a week of Community Dental Practice, I got an opportunity to deal with those dental patients who are unable to get general dental practice due to their phobia of the Dentist or any disability. Handling a patient is not a hazardous task for me, because I had a permanent patient who had me at his beck and call. This opportunity has helped me in realizing the fact that working in a care profession gives me great amount of self satisfaction. I was able to learn multiple aspects of a dental busy surgery and gained sufficient practical experience, and worked under pressure and supervision of experienced dentists by getting a dental experience in the Orthodontics Departm ent. These experiences strengthened my idea of being a Dentist. During these educational practices, I took a peer tutoring course which enabled me to deal with individuals with empathy and provided me a chance to learn about their problems and aspirations. I gained further insight by observing a dental laboratory, seeing the role of a Dental Technician and what was their importance to practising Dentist, their system and practices, dealing with patients, relationship and communication with the dental staff and many other small yet important things. By getting a chance to make an appliance like denture, it helped me in displaying my manual dexterity skills. This part of my life contributed in refining my skills and abilities. From the early years of childhood, I have been visiting my father’s dental clinic regularly. Watching him treating his patient’s dental problems and prescribing them with some dental precautionary steps, enlightened my inner wish of becoming a succ essful dentist. Two years back, I assisted my father and got to see into the real world of dentistry and how dentists worked in such a critical environment. My sportsmanship has provided me with the chance of knowing how to lead and guide a team and work within them. This will really help me in performing well in a group and under pressure in a dental surrounding. In the coming future, I see myself as a well-qualified, ambitious and renowned dentist. I will surely be able to come under spotlight and outshine in this health care

Aristotle Impact on Law Essay Example for Free

Aristotle Impact on Law Essay Aristotle (384 322 BC), was a Greek philosopher, logician, and scientist. Along with his teacher Plato, Aristotle is generally regarded as one of the most influential ancient thinkers in a various ways. Aristotle was born in Stagira in northern Greece, and as a young man he studied in Platos Academy in Athens. After Platos death he left Athens to proceed in philosophical and biological research in Asia Minor and Lesbos, and he was then invited by King Philip II of Macedonia to tutor his young son, Alexander the Great. Aristotle was extremely successful in tutoring Alexander, as he develoepd a great mind and was widely known for launching the invasion of the Persian Empire. Aristotle returned as a resident to Athens, and it was during this time (335-323 BC) when he wrote or at least completed some of his major theories, which included law. Aristotle and his teacher Plato, had alike minds when it came to their political views. They both believed that law had a moral purpose. They thought that it made people live their lives based on their reason, rather then their passion. When Aristotle talks about people following their reason, he means that they live their lives to the fullest taking in consideration all the talent and skill they are blessed with and using it to their advantage. One accomplishes this by making the most out of what he/she has been given to benefit themselves in life. Basically, he was following the natural law tradition because he felt as though the most important purpose of law was to help people live their lives positively and be happy. Law helped lead people into a positive direction Aristotle advanced a theory of individual rights, at the same time accepting aspects of positive law theory and natural law theory. He was supporting equity in judicial decision making and tells us how this can operate consistently with the rule of law. Also, Aristotles brilliant ideas on ethics forms a basis for punishment in criminal law. He teaches how to educate lawyers and the legal profession to incorporate ethics and virtue; he teaches lawyers how they can be more persuasive. Furthermore, Aristotle also had a huge insight on moral virtues and believed that if these virtues are to be nurtured, law is needed. He believed that law is essential to help discipline citizens and their actions, as well as to help maintain the beneficial habits they acquire. One of the most important aspects of our modern court/trial is the examining of the evidence. In most cases, the amount of quality evidence, or the lack of evidence, plays a huge role in making the final decision. Aristotle was the first person to think out the problem on evidence. When he approached a problem, he would examine: a) what people had previously written or said on the subject, b.) the general consensus of opinion on the subject, and c)a systematic study of everything else that is part of or related to the subject. His studies on evidence extremely influenced the concept and everything that comes along with it in the present day. He believed that every action needs to be judged according to all the relevant circumstances to the situation. As just mentioned, Aristotle believed that every action needed to be judged. Therefore, he believed that judging these actions were to be done based on the concept of equity. It was the foundation of modern law and the road to justice. Aristotle was against some aspects of equity. For example, Aristotle believed that men were more useful and important in life. He believed that women should not be granted many of the rights that men had, such as the right to vote, but that is a different topic. When it came to judging someone based on his/her actions, Aristotle supported the concept of equity 100%. Aristotle seems to be primarily concerned to discover and refine the moral standards by which human beings should be governed. What laws are to be used to establish and maintain those standards depends on the good sense of the community and the prudence of its leaders, including its poets and other educators. In particular, his views on the connection between the well-being of the political community and that of the citizens who make it up, his belief that citizens must actively participate in politics if they are to be happy and virtuous, and his analysis of what causes and prevents revolution within political communities have been a source of inspiration for many contemporary theorists.

Cyberspace and the Constitution Essay -- Government Politics Internet

Cyberspace and the Constitution Cyberspace is a new frontier for American courts. In the past, when faced with new situations, courts have analogized older laws into the new situations. However, due to the many unique qualities of the Internet, courts have had a difficult time determining how to apply prior law in the realm of cyberspace. In the United States, the ultimate framework of our laws is the United States Constitution. The Constitution, and most especially the Bill of Rights, has entered arenas that the founders could not have imagined. Today, courts know that they must apply the constitution to cyberspace, but the question remains: how is it to be applied? The District Court in U.S. v. Pataki devised an interesting solution to the constitutional problems of cyberspace, by using the Commerce Clause in a situation where at first blush, the First Amendment would seem to be the constitutional provision to apply. The issue in Pataki was whether a New York statute criminalizing the use of a computer to disseminate obscene material to minors was constitutional. The statute criminalized sending sexual material to minors that was "harmful to minors." The statute defined material as "harmful to minors" if it 1) Considered as a whole, appealed to the puritant interest in sex of minors; 2) Was patently offensive to prevailing adult community standards with respect to what is suitable material to minors; and 3) Considered as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political, and scientific value for minors. Essentially, this is the Miller obscenity test, devised by the Supreme Court, applied to minors. Although the statute was modeled after the Miller test, it still faces First Amendment concerns. First, what are "pr... ...upply this, since they would run afoul of the Commerce Clause, as did New York in Pataki. Thus, Congress must provide the legislation. Furthermore, since the Internet is international, this legislation must stem from international treaties. This is a lot to ask, and many people are concerned about "Big Brother" controlling our communications, and they argue that the Internet should be free to regulate itself. However, there must be regulation on the Internet. The Internet allows the freest mode of expression in human history. Anyone is a publisher. With this great freedom, comes great responsibility. The framers of the Constitution never imagined the Internet, but they did imagine principles which should continue to guide us into the electronic frontier. Principles of the Commerce Clause and the First Amendment must continue to apply in the realm of cyberspace.

Elie Wiesel’s “Night” and Roberto Benigni’s “ Life is Beautiful” Analysis

In both Elie Wiesel’s â€Å"Night† and Roberto Benigni's â€Å" Life is Beautiful† the element of  chance played a major role in the outcome of each character. It impacts the paths of each  family in negative and positive way’s. Throughout each family’s time in the concentration  camps they are so heavily influenced by greed, anger and corruption that without the role of  chance, hope and love surviving would have been impossible. With displays of unknowingly  running from the enemy to randomly being selected by the enemy, chance changes their  lives forever.In the beginning of Life Is Beautiful Guido’s son Giosue refuses to take a bath for his  mother. This later turns out to be a positive impact of chance on this little boy. In the  concentration camp Giosue is asked to strip and take a shower which would have actually  been a gas shower intending to kill him.Instead he runs off and hides and does not get into  that show er. Similarly in the book Night, Eliezer's father is selected to be killed because  of his emaciated and malnourished body in the Buna labour camp. Luckily there was a  second selection among the condemned which allowed him to go back to the barracks.  Both of these examples portray a positive outcome of chance that lead to their success in  the camps.When The Germans received new’s of the Russians advancing into the Buna camp they  started killing everyone. At this point in the book Eliezer is in the infirmary due to a foot  injury. When the Russians got even closer the entire camp was evacuated and most were slaughtered.In fear of being killed Eliezer and his father joined the evacuation even though ELiezer was still hurt. Little did they know that if they had stayed in the infirmary they would have been rescued by the russians day’s later. This negative impact of chance prevented Eliezer’s father from surviving the holocaust.

Important Quotes Frankenstein

Important quotes from Frankenstein â€Å"†¦ an enterprise which you have regarded with such evil forebodings. † – RW, P. 7 â€Å"I shall certainly find no friend on the wide ocean,† – RW, P. 11 â€Å"We accordingly brought him back to the deck, and restored him to animation† – RW on VF, P. 14 â€Å"†¦ playful as a summer insect†¦ lively as a bird†¦ the most fragile creature† – VF on E, P. 20 â€Å", the first misfortune of my life occurred – an omen, as it were, of my future misery† – VF, P. 25 â€Å"Thus ended a day memorable to me; it decided my future destiny† – VF on inevitable fate, P. 30 â€Å"†¦ y father had taken the greatest precautions that my mind should be impressed with no supernatural horrors. † – VF on actually having a caring father, also, Gothicism, P. 31 â€Å", I became myself capable of bestowing animation upon lifeless matter† à ¢â‚¬â€œ VF, P. 32 â€Å"†¦ a dreary night†¦ with an anxiety that almost amounted to agony† – VF and the day of creation, his mental state and pathetic fallacy, P. 35 â€Å"†¦ my candle was nearly burnt out† – VF, a metaphor for his sanity, P. 35 â€Å"†¦ he muttered some inarticulate sounds, while a grin wrinkled his cheeks† – VF on the monster as a newborn baby, P. 6 â€Å"†¦ one hand was stretched out† – VF on the monster as Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam, P. 36 â€Å"†¦ but I escaped, and rushed down stairs† – VF abandons his baby, his duty, P. 36 â€Å"Oh, save me! save me! † – VF as a damsel in distress, HC is the saviour, save-haven, P. 39 â€Å"†¦ the season contributed greatly to my convalescence† – VF as a Romantic, nature restores health P. 39 â€Å"During the whole of this wretched mockery of justice, I suffered living torture. â₠¬  – VF, the beginning of injustice; brought on simply by himself, P. 54 â€Å"Could the daemon†¦ lso in his hellish sport have betrayed the innocent to death and ignominy. † – VF. It was VF who betrayed the innocent, so surely then he is the daemon? P. 56 â€Å"Justine died; she rested; and I was alive. † – VF; is death better than life at this point? P. 61 â€Å"†¦ deep, dark, death-like solitude† – VF, P. 61 â€Å"I had been the author of unalterable evils† – VF and his inevitable fate, his realised sense of guilt and fault, P. 62 â€Å"The rain depressed me† – VF, pure and simple pathetic fallacy, P. 65 â€Å"†¦ the view of the tremendous and ever-moving glacier†¦ t had then filled me with a sublime ecstasy† – VF on the sublime nature of his setting, P. 66 LINK: â€Å"Infinity has a tendency to fill the mind with that sort of delightful horror† – Edmund B urke, On the Sublime and Beautiful â€Å"†¦ the vast river of ice†¦ their icy and glittering peaks† – VF, a continuation of the sublime, and a reference to Rime, P. 67 LINK: â€Å"The ice was here, the ice was there / The ice was all around† – Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Rime of the Ancient Mariner â€Å"All men hate the wretched† – M, proving himself different to humans, P. 7 â€Å"†¦ you, my creator† – M, master/slave distinction, father/son distinction, self-awareness, P. 68 â€Å"I ought to be thy Adam; but I am rather the fallen angel† – M is comparing himself to the devil. Whereas he should have been a perfect being, he became an archetypal fallen angel, like Lucifer for example, P. 68 LINK: â€Å"Awake, arise or be for ever fall’n. † – John Milton, Paradise Lost â€Å"†¦ thy creature, who implores thy goodness and compassion. † – M only needed his creator, his father, to care for him. He was of a good nature, until rejection. P. 8 â€Å"; my soul glowed with love and humanity† – M, until he realised he was not human, P. 68 â€Å"Oh, praise the eternal justice of man! † – M. This brilliantly ironic; the monster has learnt sarcasm, and is using it to condemn VF for wanting to murder him, despite VF accusing the monster of murder. In doing so, the monster mocks the injustice of Justine’s trial, as well as William’s death, P. 69 â€Å"Cursed be the day†¦ in which you first saw light! † – VF. Unlike convention, the symbolism of light here is negative, P. 69 â€Å"I thrust my hand into the live embers, but quickly drew it out again with a cry of pain. – M has no parent, he learns through trial and error, P. 71 â€Å"†¦ miserable, from the inclemency of the season, and still more from the barbarity of man. † – M, as an unnatural being, has at this point neither nature nor mankind. He is a reject, P. 73 â€Å"It was indeed a paradise, compared to the bleak forest, my former residence† – M, his hovel is a paradise from which he is soon banished, after he gives in to curiosity and tries the ‘forbidden fruit’; talking to humankind, P. 75 â€Å"†¦ when I found that in doing this I inflicted pain on the cottagers, I abstained† – M learns guilt, is of a good nature, P. 7 â€Å"I went into the woods, and collected my own food and fuel for the cottage. † – M becomes a parent to the De Lacy family, and furthermore becomes a peasant, P. 79 â€Å"The lady was dressed in a dark suit, and covered with a thick black veil† – M describes Safie as dressing in a Gothic manner, P. 80 â€Å"†¦ her eyes were dark, but gentle† – M, provides alternate view to idea of black symbolising darkness or Gothicism, P. 81 â€Å"And what was I? † – M has no cl ass, has no role in society, P. 83 â€Å"Of what a strange nature is knowledge! – M realises that maybe all that he has learnt is not for the better, P. 83 â€Å"The injustice of his sentence was very flagrant† – M again experiences injustice, grows evermore corrupt, P. 85 â€Å"I can hardly describe to you the effect of these books† – M acquires life-changing books, P. 89 â€Å"†¦ the picture of an omnipotent God warring with his creatures† – M, familiar? M vs. VF, P. 90 â€Å"Like Adam, I was created apparently united by no link to any other being in existence, but†¦ he had come forth from the hands of God a perfect creature, happy and prosperous†¦ I was wretched, helpless and alone. – M links himself to Adam, realises he is not a perfect creature, or a human. He acknowledges his alienation, his loneliness, P. 90 LINK: â€Å"Adam, the goodliest man of men since born his sons† – John Milton, Para dise Lost â€Å"Many times I considered Satan as the fitter emblem of my condition† – M is the fallen angel, P. 90 â€Å"†¦ the hearts of men†¦ are full of brotherly love and charity† – De Lacy, but maybe M isn’t a human brother, he is different, P. 93 â€Å"I am blind, and cannot judge of your countenance, but there is something in your words which persuades me that you are sincere. † – De Lacy.M speaks eloquently, is compassionate (at this point) and cares for the De Lacy family, but on the outside is a monster, P. 94 â€Å"No: from that moment I declared everlasting war against the species† – M is rejected by De Lacy family, P. 95 â€Å"This was then the reward of my benevolence! † – M saves a woman from drowning, and is shot in doing so. Again, it is his appearance, not his intention, that is seen by mankind, P. 99 â€Å"You, my creator, would tear me to pieces† – M, but actually , VF tears the female M to pieces, P. 102 â€Å"Oh! my creator, make me happy† – M, this is the simplest demand to his father/creator, P. 02 â€Å"I do not destroy the lamb and the kid, to glut my appetite; acorns and berries afford me sufficient nourishment† – M; eco-criticism? P. 103 â€Å"; the sun will shine on us as on man, and will ripen our food. † – M. Both Romantic (nature supplying food) and Marxist (all men are equal)? P. 103 â€Å"†¦ with this deadly weight yet hanging around my neck† – VF acknowledges his guilt, but it still exists. Also, has he replaced religion with his actions, and replaced God with himself? P. 108 LINK: â€Å"Instead of the cross, the Albatross / About my neck was hung. – Samuel Coleridge, Rime of the Ancient Mariner. â€Å"But in Clerval I saw the image of my former self† – VF. Could it be that Clerval is the innocent, ambitious and excitable VF, and the monster is t he corrupt and miserable VF? P. 113 â€Å", the sight of what is beautiful in nature†¦ could always interest my heart. † – VF was (he is recollecting his childhood, here) a Romantic. Now, he has gone against nature and created something unnatural, P. 114 â€Å"Had I a right†¦ to inflict this curse upon everlasting generations? † – VF suddenly gains a conscience. Was M simply a ‘test-run’?He has learnt his lesson, and he shall now tear up the female M, P. 119 â€Å"Have my murderous machinations deprives you also, my dearest Henry, of life? † – VF, I think we now know who the murderer is, P. 127 â€Å"The peasants were shut up in their hovels† – VF, so was M a peasant? P. 148 â€Å"You have read this strange and terrific story†¦ do you not feel your blood congealed with horror, like that which even now curdles mine? † – RW; so was the story Gothic? P. 151 LINK: â€Å"†¦ one to make the reader dread to look around, to curdle the blood, and quicken the beatings of the heart. – Mary Shelley, on what Frankenstein was intended to be. â€Å"in his murder my crimes are consummated;† – M, upon seeing VF dead, believes justice has been done. He who abandoned him has suffered. P. 158 â€Å"I, the miserable and the abandoned, am an abortion† – M did actually develop fully, though. He was, however, an aborted experiment, P. 160 â€Å"He was soon borne away by the waves, and lost in darkness and distance. † RW, not only is M lost in darkness, but so is the reader. What happens next? Does M really stay by his word? What comes of RW? P. 161

American Identity White Privilege and Racial Oppression Professor Ramos Blog

American Identity White Privilege and Racial Oppression Emma Hurtado English 261 08 April 2019 In a post World War I era, America was struggling in trying to navigate its way through the World War II as well as the Great Depression. Trying to define what American identity was in a time like this is complex and almost impossible to do so. The reason for this is because not every American had the same kind of privilege or money. Some Americans didn’t have privilege at all, some were wealthy, others were poor. Their economic and social statuses were two prominent factors that determined what kind of life they would live and the kind of perspective they would have on the world, including themselves. Major events such as WWII and the downfall of the economy are what helped transform and shape what American identity would become during this era. At this time, many Americans such as authors Zora Neale Hurston and F. Scott Fitzgerald experienced different kinds of obstacles and tragedies in life, but were able to encapsulate and portray what life as an American was like in thei r stories. Both authors drew inspiration from their own experiences and hardships to write their stories. There were many different aspects that played a part in creating the American identity, but overall the identity of an American was individually unique. The reason why it was unique is because each person in the country endured distinct kinds of oppression whether it was social, racial, or economic. It can be said that F. Scott Fitzgerald was privileged and had good fortune for the majority of his life. Despite his father being unsuccessful, his family was wealthy which allowed Fitzgerald the opportunity to become successful, which did happen, but only to a certain extent. He was known for living a luxurious and extravagant life which would eventually lead to his economic and social downfall. He was able to become successful in the way he wanted so that he could continue living this over-the-top, excessive life he had grown accustomed to, but eventually he and the main character in his short story would find out that this way of living would not be worth the cost. From the title of the story â€Å"Babylon Revisited†, readers can begin to tear apart the title to determine its meaning. According to Merriam Webster, the word ‘Babylon’ was used to describe â€Å"a city devoted to materialism and sensual pleasure† (Merriam Webster). The title suggests that the story will be similar to the author’s life in the way that Fitzgerald was known for his materialistic lifestyle. â€Å"Babylon Revisited† seems rather intimate and personal in the way that it shows contains many parallels between his life and the main character, Charlie. Some of the main parallels between Fitzgerald’s life and the story are alcoholism and the Great Depression. This story depicts what life was for those who were able to achieve a rather comfortable and affluent lifestyle that most people at the time would not have been able to live. During the beginning of the story, the main character points out that â€Å"It was not an American bar any morehe felt polite in it, and not as if he owned it. It had gone back into France† (Fitzgerald). This quote shows the kind of privilege Charlie felt and knew he had before the market crashed, despite being in a different country. He has a become a stranger in a place he could once be himself. Not only this, but he comes to the harsh realization that he â€Å"spoiled this city for [himself]. [He] didnt realize it, but the d ays came along one after another, and then two years were gone, and everything was gone, and [he] was gone† (Fitzgerald). At this point in his life, he doesn’t have his family anymore and he feels miserable because he regrets not slowing down and appreciating what he had at the time. The story shows how the Great Depression took a toll on Fitzgerald’s personal life. Because of the economic crash, his life changed when it became clear that â€Å"his wife’s emotional crash and the ensuing depression that overtook his life and work were, for Fitzgerald, so closely connected with the stock market crash and economic depression as to cause an interpenetration of the two narratives† (Hess). This story can be interpreted as a cautionary tale because of the way that Fitzgerald chose to share some of the most intense details of his own life to show the consequences of this lifestyle. Zora Neale Hurston’s â€Å"How It Feels To Be Colored Me† offers a completely different yet interesting perspective than Fitzgerald’s work, but they both share the idea of conformity in society. Hurston reminisces on the â€Å"very day that [she] became colored† (Hurston). When she brings up this moment, the readers begin to understand how society and different geographical locations can change one’s perspective of themselves. Her life was completely uprooted when her family moved from Eatonville, Florida. Hurston shows that she is having difficulty trying to understand why she is being treated differently for her skin color for the first time in her life. She grows tired and exhausted because she knows she is â€Å"not tragically colored. There is no great sorrow dammed up in my soul, nor lurking behind my eyes. I do not mind at all† (Hurston). Everyone around her is trying to victimize and define who she is, even though she doesn’t c are about their perception of black people. It shows how during this time it was difficult to define an American because of the way Zora changed in others’ eyes. She only moved from one town to another and still continued to live in the same state, but this helps readers understand the way that small factors such as geographical ones can play a major role in racial discrimination and oppression. According to Stephen J. Whitfield, â€Å"the problem of prejudice was not widely believed to be urgent† before the 40’s (Whitfield). People were looking at Hurston in a biased way because they weren’t able to understand life from her perspective and they only knew about her history rather than learning more about who she was as a person. As a child, Zora was protected from racial discrimination and the perspectives of both black and white people, so when she first realizes that these white people only see her for her past, she is taken aback. She begins to separate herself from everyone else’s idea of what it is to be black, but not because she is ashamed or terrified of her culture, but because of the fact that she wants to re-define herself as Zora. Both Hurston’s and Fitzgerald’s stories were unlike yet alike in different ways. Both narrators were struggling with how they were going to deal with society’s expectations and perspectives. Black people suffered from racial oppression, but Hurston did not let it confine her and hold her back from becoming the person she wanted to be. Unfortunately for Fitzgerald, he let his ambitions get the best of him which resulted in him losing his family and having to redefine who he is and changing his entire life. Both stories include messages that are still prevalent in society today such as making sure that as a society we don’t view others with prejudice or bias, and instead we should take the time to learn more about other cultures instead of labelling them. As for Fitzgerald’s story, it teaches us about the consequences and unhealthy habits that can come with having a luxurious lifestyle. With these two stories, we can learn more about the privilege tha t white people had and we can connect it to today and how that privilege still continues to exist in certain situations, as well as the oppression that people of color also experienced back then and today. Hess, Heather L. N. â€Å"‘The Crash!’†¯: Writing the Great Depression in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s ‘Babylon Revisited,’ ‘Emotional Bankruptcy,’ and ‘Crazy Sunday.’† Journal of Modern Literature, vol. 42, no. 1, Fall 2018, pp. 77–94. EBSCOhost, doi:10.2979/jmodelite.42.1.06. Whitfield, Stephen J. â€Å"The Theme of Indivisibility in the Post-War Struggle against Prejudice in the United States.† Patterns of Prejudice, vol. 48, no. 3, July 2014, pp. 223–247. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/0031322X.2014.922773. â€Å"Babylon.†Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster, merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Babylon.nbsp;

10 Fascinating Things About Black Widow Spiders

10 Fascinating Things About Black Widow Spiders Black widow spiders are feared for their potent venom, and rightfully so, to some degree. But much of what you think is true about the black widow is probably more myth than fact. Interesting Things About Black Widow Spiders These 10 fascinating facts about black widow spiders will teach you how to identify them, how they behave, and how to minimize your risk of being bitten. Widow spiders arent always black When most people talk about the black widow spider, they likely think theyre referring to a particular spider species. But in the U.S. alone, there are three different kinds of black widows (northern, southern, and western). And although we tend to refer to all members of the genus Lactrodectus as black widows, widow spiders arent always black. There are 31 species of Lactrodectus spiders worldwide. In the U.S., these include a brown widow and a red widow. Only adult female black widows inflict dangerous bites Female widow spiders are larger than males. It is believed, therefore, that female black widows can penetrate vertebrate skin more effectively than males and inject more venom when they bite. Nearly all medically significant black widow bites are inflicted by female spiders. Male widow spiders and spiderlings are rarely a cause for concern, and some experts even say they dont bite. Black widow females rarely eat their mates Lactrodectus spiders are widely thought to practice sexual cannibalism, where the smaller male is sacrificed after mating. In fact, this belief is so widespread the term black widow has become synonymous for femme fatale, a kind of seductress who lures men with the intention of bringing harm to them. But studies show that such behavior is actually quite rare in widow spiders in the wild, and even uncommon among captive spiders. Sexual cannibalism is actually practiced by quite a few insects and spiders and is not unique to the often maligned black widow. Most (but not all) widow spiders can be identified by a red hourglass marking Nearly all black widow females bear a distinct hourglass-shaped marking on the underside of the abdomen. In most species, the hourglass is bright red or orange, in sharp contrast to its shiny black abdomen. The hourglass may be incomplete, with a break in the middle, in certain species like the northern black widow (Lactrodectus variolus). However, the red widow, Lactrodectus bishopi, does not have an hourglass marking, so be mindful that not all widow spiders are identified by this feature. Black widow spiderlings look nothing like the black and red spiders we recognize as black widows Widow spider nymphs are mostly white when they hatch from the egg sac. As they undergo successive molts, the spiderlings gradually darken in color, from tan to gray, usually with white or beige markings. Female spiderlings take longer to reach maturity than their brothers but eventually turn dark black and red. So that drab, pale little spider you found just might be a widow spider, albeit an immature one. Black widows make cobwebs Black widow spiders belong to the spider family Theridiidae, commonly called the cobweb spiders. These spiders, black widows included, construct sticky, irregular silk webs to ensnare their prey. Members of this spider family are also referred to as comb-foot spiders because they have a row of bristles on their back legs to help them wrap silk around their prey. But no need to worry. Although they are closely related to the house spiders building cobwebs in the corners of your home, black widows rarely come indoors. Female black widows have poor eyesight Black widows rely on their silk webs to see whats going on around them because they cant see very well. The black widow female usually hides in a hole or crevice and builds her web as an extension of her hiding spot. From the safety of her retreat, she can feel the vibrations of her web when either prey or predator comes in contact with the silk threads. Male widow spiders looking for mates use this to their advantage. The male black widow will cut and rearrange the females web, making it difficult for her to sense whats happening, before carefully approaching her to mate. Black widow venom is 15 times as toxic as that of the prairie rattlesnake Widow spiders do pack a powerful punch of neurotoxins in their venom. By volume, Lactrodectus venom is an extremely toxic mix of poisons capable of causing muscle cramps, severe pain, hypertension, weakness and sweating in bite victims. But black widow spiders are significantly smaller than rattlesnakes, and theyre built for subduing other small invertebrates, not large mammals like people. When a black widow spider bites a person, the volume of neurotoxins injected in the victim is small.   Black widow spider bites are rarely fatal Although black widow bites can be painful and require medical treatment, they are very rarely fatal.   In fact, the majority of black widow bites cause only mild symptoms, and many bite victims dont even realize they were bitten. In a review of over 23,000 documented Lactrodectus envenomation cases that occurred in the U.S. from 2000 to 2008, the study authors noted that not a single death occurred as a result of a black widow bite. Only 1.4% of bite victims suffered major effects of black widow venom. Before the invention of indoor plumbing, most black widow bites occurred in outhouses Black widows dont often invade homes, but they do like to inhabit human-built structures like sheds, barns, and outhouses. And unfortunately for those who lived before the water closet was commonplace, black widows like to retreat under the seats of outdoor privies, perhaps because the smell attracts so many delicious flies for them to catch. Men who use pit toilets should be aware of this disturbing little factoid – most black widow bites are inflicted on penises, thanks to their tendency to dangle threateningly into the black widows territory beneath the seat. A 1944 case study published in the Annals of Surgery noted that, of 24 black widow bite cases reviewed, eleven bites were on the penis, one was on the scrotum, and four were on the buttocks. A full 16 of the 24 victims were bitten while sitting on the toilet. Sources Physicians Guide to Arthropods of Medical Significance, 6th edition, by Jerome Stoddard.Bugs Rule! An Introduction to the World of Insects, by Whitey Cranshaw and Richard Redak.The Black Widow Spider, by Karen M. Vail, Carl Jones, and Harry Williams, University of Tennessee. Accessed online August 12, 2015.Black Widow Spider, Occupational Safety and Health Administration fact sheet, U.S. Department of Labor. Accessed online August 12, 2015.Black Widow Spider, North Carolina State University. Accessed online August 12, 2015.Black Widow and Other Widow Spiders, University fo California IPM Program. Accessed online August 12, 2015.The Black Widow, Alabama Cooperative Extension System. Accessed online August 12, 2015.Genus Lactrodectus – Widow Spiders, Bugguide.net. Accessed online August 12, 2015.The Treatment of Black Widow Spider Envenomation with Antivenin Latrodectus Mactans: A Case Series, by S. R. Offerman, G. P. Daubert, and R. F. Clark. The Permanente Journal,  15(3), 7 6–81 (2011). Accessed online August 12, 2015. A US Perspective of SymptomaticLatrodectus  spp. Envenomation and Treatment: A National Poison Data System Review, by Andrew A. Monte, Becki Bucher-Bartelson, and Kennon J. Heard. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 45(12), 1491-1498 (December 2011). Accessed online August 12, 2015.Black Widow Spider Bite, by H. T. Kirby-Smith.  Annals of Surgery, 115(2), 249–257 (1942).

Financial Economic Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial Economic - Case Study Example C) The choice getting 10000Kr in this coming September could resolve the exchange rate issue. In case of the other option to get paid in September and February have equal chances of gain and loss. So I will get the money in September and will keep that till the end of First so that I can get the 4% interest from the US bank. I will repeat the same for the following year. So for the first year I will get 1040$ and the next year it depends on the exchange rate. In case if the exchange rate increases say, 12Kr/$. I can convert the dollars to Sweden Kr. So that if I can put that amount in bank and I can get interest from the Sweden Bank. And If exchange rate found to decrease say 10Kr/$ then I will convert the Kr to dollars. The only risk in this type is in case after converting the dollars to Kr if the exchange rate Kr/$ does not decrease that could be a loss. But thinking in terms of interest from the Sweden bank could compensate the loss.

Language Games Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Language Games - Essay Example Wittgenstein argues that people create meaning of words in the context of language game. Whilst watching soccer, the philosophical ideas occurred to Ludwig that in case a person without soccer knowledge is watching the football match, the game would seem meaningless to him. Therefore, for him to understand the meaning of the football game, he should first recognize the rules applied in the soccer game. However, the confusion erupts when people use language according to rules inappropriate to the circumstances. This confusion arises in case people do not understand the context of the language rules imposed upon a certain discourse. In fact, one cannot understand the truth from untruth, but those who understand the rules of the language game can only find the similarities and differences in other games (Kuusela 46). This is because the rules of the language games are inherently different; thus to understand them appropriately, one should first understand the rules applied in the language games. Other philosophers such as Socrates, Parmenides, Hume and other people such as Heraclitus and Nietzsche went wrong in their thinking. For instance, Nietzsche wrote critical texts about religion, science and philosophy in an ironical, metaphorical and aphorism way. The Socrates also understood language in different way; thus, they presented their philosophical ideas in different context withou t following rules applied in the language

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 9

Report - Essay Example However, Dobson, S. & Palfreman, S. (1999) argues that even with open ended questions and there is no un-biasness in the selecting of the representatives, the data will not be complete. Other methods of data collection exist e.g. interviews and observations. To Doyle, E (2005), the two cannot be used in this case since some of the information required cannot be captured through observations and interview since it may not yield much. About 320 questionnaires were mailed to both local small and medium businesses. Only 100 managed to fill and send them back. The questionnaires had 8 questions. The council wanted to know the area of business one was involved in; where the business is based; the number of employees; whether the business is freehold or under leasehold; the size of the business premises; reasons for initially for locating the business in Stapleton Borough; constraints to business operations and whether there are plans of relocating to another place in the next 5. Most of those who have businesses in Stapleton have set them there since they live locally or where born there. Availability of premises is another reason for setting up businesses in the council. Customer base, cost of premises and business opportunities are the other reasons why businesses have been set up within the council. Most of those who took part in the study alluded to the fact that there are no constraints to business growth. However, 18% agree to the problem of parking slots within the council while 17% said that the council has no enough skilled manpower. Other constraints though not statistically significant include un-availability of new premises and land. As at know, 54% of those who own businesses in the area have no plans of relocating to any other town or local village. However, some 18% have plans of relocating although within the council while 25% say they don’t know whether they will be making any move. A meagre 3% say they will be moving out of

Housing Industry Research Essay Example for Free

Housing Industry Research Essay People would often refer to real estate and housing industry as the best way to build up riches, or possibly the best, easiest and fastest way for anybody to get rich. Most of the time, the terms real estate industry and housing industry are being used interchangeably by people, not knowing the very basic distinctions between the two terminologies. Real estate industry more formally refers to the industry that focuses on simply buying and selling real estate properties. Whereas, the housing industry is more concerned on developing and incorporating improvements to a real estate property. Basically, those that are in the real estate industry are doing much more of retail business, while those in the housing industry are doing much more of service and nonetheless, research, design, and manual work. The housing industry is the industry which is primarily concerned in building and developing houses and housing designs for private individuals, for government housing projects and for a local community. Moreover this is also the industry which provides the basic materials such as the building materials, and hard escape materials for a housing project. When you drive or ride through a community, the variety of architecture often reflects some of the history of the community or the locality. Architectural styles of the past are illustrated in the older neighborhoods but also influence the styles of homes built today. In a community, the housing industry is the one which is mainly concerned in all these. For most communities, there is only one housing industry which can be regarded as the main housing industry of the community. This can be a company, or a group of companies that would generally dominate all the housing projects within the locality, be it a private housing project or a housing project from the government. Mostly, these housing industries would dominate the landscaping industry, hard escape industry, and the hardware, building equipments and materials industry as well. Since most people believe in the logical trend that as one industry goes up the black, a counter industry would fall down the red; this would lead many to believe that the immediate spike in the information technology and communications industry would leave other industries such as the real estate industry and housing industry, to experience its most protracted slump for several years. This is actually the opposite of what’s really happening in the economy, for many years, the housing industry has remained as one of the most stable industries all over the globe. Indeed the housing industry has had its share of downs and suffered greatly from economic destabilizations, inflations and other economic fluctuations, but in spite of all these, it has retained itself as still one of the most promising, and stable industry. With nearly 17 million new conventional homes added over the past decade, the home building industry continues to set new records and standards. In 2005 alone, single-family starts exceeded 1. 7 million—far and away the largest number ever. Thanks to a stable economy and low mortgage interest rates, the home building industry has not seen a significant downturn since the early 1990s. This undeniable stretch of strong, stable growth in the home building industry has ushered-in a period of prosperity for major builders and supported a wave of mergers and acquisitions within the industry. In the early 1990s, the top 10 builders in the country accounted for less than 10 percent of all conventional new single-family home sales. By 2004, their share had risen to over 20 percent in most major metropolitan areas; larger builders hold an even greater market share. There are three major reasons for the dramatic increase in the scale among the home builders. The change in the access to capital is one of these reasons. After World War II, the savings and loan industry was the principal source of capital for the home building industry. With the collapse of many of these institutions in the late 1980s, builders had to turn to other sources of financing. Banks and private funds companies have thus, stepped in to fill the need for capitals and investments. These funding companies gave an edge to the housing industries since their presence meant easier access to capitals. Another reason is the change in the land use regulation. More and more communities are restricting residential development in an effort to manage growth. As a result, the development process in many locations takes longer than it once did, with land assembly and entitlement typically more complex and costly. This again creates a premium for scale of operations, since smaller builders often lack the resources to work with local officials over extended periods to secure the necessary approvals. The third reason is the change in economic environment. This has favored large-scale home builder industries. The strong economic environment for home construction over the past decades has ushered a stable growth and low mortgage interest rates that have prevented a major recession in the home building industry since 1991. This combination of market conditions has produced stunning increases in top-line growth and bottom-line financial performance for large home building companies. Between 1999 and 2004, builders of 500 units or more each year realized inflation-adjusted revenue growth of 135 percent. In addition, their gross margins on homes sold and net income each increased about 4. 5 percentage points. With industry consolidation have come new opportunities. To increase their scale and overall capabilities, larger-scale builders have incentives to reinvest in their operations by adding information systems for estimating, scheduling, and purchasing, or investing in panel plants to save time and costs in the construction process. With such investments, larger home builders continue to improve their operating performance, at a much faster rate relative to smaller builders. Better performance encourages even more builder consolidation, which in turn produces even greater scale economies, creates more incentives for investments to leverage these opportunities, and so on. This cycle would dictate further consolidation and greater efficiency in the home building industry in the years ahead. When asked to name the single most important reason for their recent financial performance, over half of the corporate-level survey respondents attributed their success to strong housing market fundamentals, and nearly a third cited their land assembly strategies. Another 13 percent considered improved customer satisfaction the key to profitability. In sharp contrast, few respondents attributed their success to shorter construction cycles, savings on product purchase, man power, on-site construction costs, and other operational efficiencies. Still, evidence of operational improvements does exist, particularly within the divisions of national and international home builders. Although their homes have become bigger and have incorporated higher-quality materials in recent years, national and international home builders have been cut the construction time to minimal, keep cost increases at modest levels, and significantly improve customer satisfaction scores, in parallel to improvements in the quality of finished products. Local divisions of regional builders have been less successful in improving the efficiency of their operations. Improvements in home building efficiency were the most common results from the implementing of innovative operating practices. Studies from Harvard have cited four general types of operating practices that homebuilders especially those at large scale, have used to their advantage. 1. Coordination with subcontractors. Subcontractors are typically the ones who purchase the materials used in home building, making payments to contractors a major expense category for homebuilders. Innovative builder practices in this area include initiatives such as making scheduling information easily accessible to subcontractors, automatically notifying subcontractors of schedule changes, and frequently updating the job site production schedule. As a result, increased efficiencies in the building process and lower production costs is maintained. 2. Component preassembly. Preassembling major components such as roof trusses allows greater precision in manufacturing and often provides cost savings by substituting semi-skilled off-site labor for skilled on-site labor. The preassembly process is also more efficient when done off-site, thereby creating the potential for shorter construction cycle time, and even so, smaller labor costs. 3. Supplier installation. In many product categories, builders have begun to purchase installation services from the manufacturers or distributors. Supplier installation helps to limit product disputes over the source of any problems. In addition, this practice can reduce construction labor needs since product manufacturers and distributors typically serve broader geographic areas than subcontractors. 4. Supply chain management. Supply chain management covers a broad range of practices from price negotiations for products and value-added services to the implementation of information systems to support purchasing and inventory management. Supply chain management is an area where scale economies give larger builders an obvious edge over their smaller competitors. Innovative operating practices help large home builders not only run their operations more efficiently and use their market power more effectively, but also better manage risk especially financial risks and risks in operations. Builders have reduced their exposure by controlling more land through options, joint ventures, and other approaches that keep land costs off their books until they buy the entitled lots. In this way, builders only incur these expenses close to the time of construction. With more efficient operations and better management controls, large builders typically do not begin construction until a home is pre-sold. Across builders surveyed, 73 percent of all homes closed in 2004 were sold before construction began an increase from 70 percent in 1999. National builders pre-sold over three-quarters of homes closed in 2004, while regional builders pre-sold about two-thirds. Larger builders have incentives to adopt innovative operating practices because they have the market power to implement these efficiencies and can leverage the benefits across a broader range of operating divisions. The financial payback for these improvements, however, depends greatly on conditions in the local market. Over the past years, consolidation of the home builders has dramatically changed the home building industry. In addition to improved financial performance, the adoption of innovative practices and methodologies related to product distribution and assembly line and development, has improved the operational performance of large builders along such dimensions as construction cycle time, efficiency of the building process, stability, style, and overall quality of structures, and customer satisfaction. In generating these efficiencies, builders have helped to streamline processes throughout the entire homebuilding industry. Home buyers have also benefited in parallel to the home building improvements. More efficient builder operations have kept construction costs low and customer satisfaction levels high, allowing builders to offer more model home options and more product choices without any corresponding increases in prices. In addition, greater efficiency has enabled builders to pre-sell more homes, which in turn has reduced the risk of overbuilding, and thus reduced the risk or putting the company financial trend line on the red. By keeping supply in line with demand, home builders have helped to bring greater stability to house prices, since overbuilding has historically been a principal cause of house price declines. Whether these improvements will continue as market conditions change remains to be seen. One encouraging sign is that operating efficiencies, as opposed to financial performance, have increased most in more competitive markets. If the housing market weakens in the years ahead and competition increases, larger builders still have the potential to improve their operations and maintain their strong financial performance. In communities where demand is strong but residential development opportunities are limited, house price appreciation tends to be high. In markets where price appreciation is low, land is generally more accessible and builders face fewer barriers to entry. As a result, construction activity can respond very quickly to changes in demand. As market conditions shift, however, builders can get caught with excess inventory, which drives down area-wide house prices. In these markets, builders must run their operations efficiently to remain profitable. In high-appreciation markets, demand for new homes is generally greater than the number of homes that can be added under existing land use and building regulations. This limits the risk of rapid overbuilding. Given that it takes more time and resources to build in these markets, higher barriers to entry and higher land costs push up the average price of homes sold. Builders working in these communities generally put a premium on their land acquisition and development strategy. Since they are often able to achieve higher margins on homes sold in these markets, they may put less emphasis on operational efficiencies. The market conditions that have helped to create a more efficient home building industry over the past years have also, in turn, favored the housing consumers. A more stable economy, with more muted cycles and low inflation, has produced some of the lowest long-term interest rates in a generation. Low interest rates, together with low unemployment rates, have also provided greater financial security for many citizens and thus given them more initiative to build their own households or improve their current household. Internationally, house prices have raised an average of 127 percent since 1990, with nearly half of this increase coming since 2000. Until recently, economic cycles interacted with housing cycles to produce tremendous volatility in home prices. From 1975 to 1993, house prices rose more slowly than overall inflation in 10 of the 19 years, or over half of the time. In each of the 12 years since 1993, however, house price appreciation has exceeded the pace of inflation. Builders that have already adopted more innovative practices have clearly profited from their investments. New practices related to product distribution and assembly has improved the operational performance of large builders, particularly in terms of construction cycle time and customer satisfaction, and thus greatly increasing their profits. Although being in the housing industry has a lot of economic advantages it is undeniable that there are still various external, economical, factors that can negatively affect this industry. A low economy, and low living standards, would most likely correspond to a decrease in the demands for housing industries. Natural disasters and calamities such as earthquakes, floods and typhoons that would occur at an unfortunate time, would leave home builders hanging in the deadlines for finishing their projects, since building cannot continued during such occasions. Generally speaking, the housing industry reflects the type of economy in a given region or locality. A region with a high economic state, low inflation, and high monetary value would most likely have a high level of housing industry in turn. The houses in the said region would also be of high quality; however, man power for construction would also come at higher rates at such an area. A stable economy in terms of monetary value and inflation would be the most ideal economy for a successful housing industry. Even high-performing builders still have the potential to make more improvements. Given that their strong financial performance has largely resulted from their leading land positions in booming housing markets, builders just have not to focus on implementing innovative practices and on maximizing operational efficiencies. Larger builders are those that would especially benefit from focusing on efficiency. Local builders with closings of 10,000 homes or more in 2004 reported implementing only half of the common innovative practices, while the divisions of builders with sales of 2,500 to 10,000 homes implemented less than 40 percent of the innovative practices. There are many valid reasons why implementation has been relatively weak. The corporate offices of larger builders report above-average development of innovative procedures, but implementation at the division level has often lagged. With the increase in the number of acquisitions in recent years, many of these divisions have only recently come under management of the acquiring builder and may thus need additional time to implement new systems and procedures. Furthermore, given their strong financial performance in recent years, corporate offices have less incentive and reason to develop new procedures for their local divisions, and local divisions have less incentive and reason to implement such changes. Whether builders will seize these opportunities remains to be seen. One encouraging sign, however, is that operational improvements have increased the most where house price appreciation is relatively low and no one builder dominates the market. If the house building industry weakens in the years ahead, house price appreciation is likely to slow and more builders are likely to compete within individual markets, these are exactly the conditions that lead to the development and implementation of operational improvements made in recent years. This means that a crisis such as the weakening of the economy leading to the weakening of the housing market, although has its undeniable negative effects in the housing industry, on the positive side, it would somehow force the home building industry to continuously and further develop and implement more and more innovations in their systems. Nonetheless, this would consequently lead to further innovations and efficiencies in the home building industry, and thus more high quality and affordable choices of homes for the consumers. References What’s next for housing industy CIOs. Retrieved April 20, 2008, from http://www. cio. com/article/134004 Seiders, D. F. (2006, September 19). Housing economics. Retrieved April 20, 2008, from http://www. nbnnews. com/houseecon/issues/2006-09-19. html Milt N. (2005, April 27). Housing market crisis threatens economy. Retrieved April 20, 2008, from http://www. workers. org/2005/us/housing-0505/ Schoen J. W. (2007, June 19). Housing industry still looking for the bottom. Retrieved April 20, 2008, from http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/19311316/ Buban C. E. (2007, December 22). Housing developers and current industry trends. Retrieved April 20, 2008, from http://showbizandstyle. inquirer. net/ lifestyle/view_article. php? article_id=108293 Zito K. (2006, June 16). Billions to state from housing. Retrieved April 20, 2008, from http://www. sfgate. com/cgi-bin/article. cgi? f=/c/a/2006/06/16/BUG77JER951. DTL Housing slump reflects worsening economic crisis. Retrieved April 20, 2008, from http://en. internationalism. org/inter/144/housing-slump A new paradigm of the housing industry. Retrieved April 20, 2008, from http://www. meti. go. jp/english/newtopics/data/nBackIssue20080408_01. html Brief overview of the housing economy. Retrieved April 20, 2008, from http://www. oppapers. com/essays/Brief-Overview-Housing-Economy/116741 Barry S. Housing industry, subprime loans and mortgage woes: how serious is it? Retrieved